日本テレビ系『カズレーザーと学ぶ。』で
2023年1月10日「エクソソーム特集」が放映されました。

大阪大学大学院 日比野佐和子臨床遺伝子治療学特任准教授

日本テレビ系『カズレーザーと学ぶ。』において、2023年1月10日、「エクソソーム特集」が放映されました。

「金と命の新知識をカズと一緒に学びまくれ」がテーマの日本テレビの番組『「カズレーザーと学ぶ。」では、2022年2月27日、時代の最先端の生命科学ワードとして「エクソソーム」が紹介されましたが、この2023年1月10日も『あらゆる病気を克服する？医療大革命の鍵エクソソーム第2弾』としてエクソソームの特集が組まれました。

同番組では、再生医療におけるヒト幹細胞の最先端研究として注目されている「エクソソームとは何か」をわかりやすく解説し、そしてエクソソームが皮膚の再生についてどのような働きをするかが語られました。

番組の中では、大阪大学大学院・臨床遺伝子治療学特任准教授の日比野佐和子が、エクソソームによってガンの超早期発見が可能と紹介。

以下、同番組のサイトよりエクソソームとは何か、そしてエクソソームが皮膚の再生についてどのような働きをするかについて紹介されている部分を抜粋します。

https://www.ntv.co.jp/kazu/articles/3115dnlma6qv8mmmgta3.html

人生が変わるワンワード

『あらゆる病気を克服する？医療大革命の鍵エクソソーム第2弾』

大阪大学大学院・臨床遺伝子治療学特任准教授の日比野佐和子は、エクソソームでガンの超早期発見が可能だという。

エクソソームは細胞から分泌される顆粒状の物質で細胞間の情報伝達、つまりコミュニケーションツールとして使われ、あらゆる情報が詰まっているので取り出すことで診断ツールとしても13種類のガンの判別に使用されるなど注目されている。

この情報伝達能力と並び、エクソソームにはもう一つ大きな能力がある。間葉系幹細胞、英語の頭文字を取って“MSC”は骨・筋肉・脂肪のような内臓組織や神経系の組織になることができるため、体内の組織を修復・再生する能力があると言われている。このMSCから分泌されるエクソソームに体の組織の修復効果があるということが分かってきた。

このMSCエクソソームを使った治療法が、MSCが多く含まれている脂肪から取り出し培養してさらに体に戻すというもの。体内で損傷している部位からエクソソームが出ているのでMSCが自動的に血管を通って患部に辿り着き、修復のためのエクソソームをさらに分泌して損傷部分を修復する。

その効果は修復できないと言われている脳細胞の損傷である脳梗塞の治療ですでに効果が期待されている。症例の中には投与後30分程度で効果が表れたという報告もされているという。治療以外にも健康な人が使えば筋肉や皮膚の若返り効果も得られ、将来的には100歳でも、見た目が30～40代になれるかもしれないと語った。

しかし、MSC療法には課題もあり、老化とともに再生修復能力が落ちること、細胞の型が一致しないと拒絶反応が起こること、脂肪からの採取という体の負担が挙げられる。これを解決する進化が赤ちゃんのさい帯などの幹細胞が分泌する活性物質を取り出して投与するセルフリーセラピー。中でもエクソソームの中の情報伝達物質を組み合わせて、能力を人工的に付け加えるデザインエクソソームと言われる領域がある。赤ちゃんのさい帯から取るMSCはオールマイティーで活性度が非常に高く、量が豊富で培養しやすい。若返ることで疾患が進むものもあるので慎重に対応しなければいけないが、MSC療法に比べて値段が安く、自由診療で大体5万〜30万で受けられる。再生医療の分野は世界でも日本が一番進んでいるという。

日本テレビの番組『「カズレーザーと学ぶ。」サイトより転載
https://www.ntv.co.jp/kazu/articles/3115dnlma6qv8mmmgta3.html

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